|
<< Click to Display Table of Contents >> Navigation: »No topics above this level« Introduction |
g-Platform (gNavigator) is a comprehensive seismic data processing suite designed for geophysicists, seismic interpreters, and processing engineers working with land, marine, and transition-zone datasets. It provides a modular, workflow-driven environment in which individual processing modules are connected into flows, allowing complex multi-step processing sequences to be built, tested, and run efficiently — from raw field data acquisition through to final pre-stack and post-stack migrated volumes.
Each module in g-Platform performs a specific, well-defined processing task and exposes a set of user-configurable parameters. Modules are organized into functional categories, each targeting a particular stage of the seismic processing sequence. This documentation describes every module — its purpose, its input and output data requirements, and the meaning of every parameter — so that users can configure and apply each module correctly without needing to examine source code or rely on trial and error.
g-Platform supports GPU-accelerated and distributed (remote cluster) execution for compute-intensive tasks such as migration, tomography, full-waveform inversion, and noise attenuation. Multi-core CPU threading and GPU acceleration are available for large 3D datasets, and distributed processing modes allow jobs to be split across multiple compute nodes for maximum throughput.
The documentation is grouped by processing category, each of which corresponds to a chapter in this help system. Within each chapter, individual module topics describe the module's function, its parameters, and guidance on when and how to use it. The main processing categories are:
AVO — Amplitude Versus Offset and Amplitude Versus Angle analysis tools. Includes intercept/gradient attribute computation, AVA analysis, angle stacking, anisotropy parameter estimation (Thomson parameters, delta, epsilon, HTI delta), offset-to-angle conversion, and AVO class-based classification for pre-stack reservoir characterization.
Amplitudes — Modules for amplitude correction, balancing, and equalization. Covers automatic gain control (AGC), spherical divergence correction, time-variant amplitude equalization, adaptive 3D amplitude correction (surface-consistent), PZ summation (pressure and geophone component combination), balance, scaling, and gain application.
Analysis — Quality control and diagnostic tools for seismic data. Includes energy calculation, spectral analysis, frequency-time (f-t) analysis, seismic attribute extraction (2D and 3D instantaneous attributes), signal-to-noise ratio estimation, NMO velocity scanning, semblance panels, cross-plotting, and surface-consistent statics analysis.
Deconvolution — Wavelet compression and source signature removal. Covers Wiener (spiking and predictive) deconvolution, Gabor deconvolution, cepstrum deconvolution, debubbling, designature, geophone compensation, Q compensation (inverse Q filtering), spectral whitening, time-variant Wiener deconvolution, and surface-consistent deconvolution (calculate and apply workflows).
Depth — Time-to-depth domain conversion using a velocity model, transforming seismic gathers or stacks from two-way travel time into true depth. Includes depth conversion, depth velocity building, depth velocity inversion, vertical depth-to-time and time-to-depth stretching, and depth angle creation for PSDM CIG analysis.
Diffraction — Edge diffraction imaging tools for enhanced structural resolution and fracture characterization. Includes geometry input preparation, 2D and 3D diffraction search engines, diffraction imaging, azimuthal fold visualization, and diffraction amplitude correction. Diffraction processing is complementary to conventional reflection imaging and helps reveal small-scale heterogeneities such as faults and karsts.
FK — Frequency-wavenumber domain processing for noise suppression and acquisition footprint removal. Includes standard FK filtering, 3D post-stack FK filtering, FK interpolation for spatial anti-aliasing, and minimum-fold footprint suppression for 3D surveys with irregular acquisition patterns.
Filters — A comprehensive set of frequency and spatial filtering tools. Includes band-pass filtering (standard and Butterworth), time-varying band-pass, notch filtering, zero-phase conversion, minimum-phase conversion, FX deconvolution, FXY deconvolution, matched filtering, and a wide range of noise attenuation algorithms: Cadzow, SVD, wavelet-based, orthogonal polynomial transform, spike deconvolution, median filtering, random noise attenuation, clipping, and DC bias removal.
General — Utility and workflow control modules. Covers flow control (Loop, Seismic Loop, Seismic Distributed Loop, If, Flow), data manipulation (Resample, Reverse Gather, Modify Traces in Gather, Seismic Gather Interpolation, Sort Gather, Sort Traces, Select Traces, Set Gather), table and file operations (Import/Export Table, Load/Save Item, Generate Filename, Enumerate Files), math and scripting (Python Calculator, Convolutor, Apply Operator, Expression Calculator), vibroseis conversion, wavelet tools, and miscellaneous utilities such as Correlator, Comparator, and Visualization tools.
Geometry — Tools for loading, applying, and quality-controlling survey geometry. Includes loaders for SPS, SEG-P1, UKOOA P1/90, and ASCII field formats; 2D and 3D binning; coordinate system conversion; topography assignment; nominal and virtual marine geometry; crooked-line geometry; binning grid manipulation; and geometry QC by fold, azimuth, first-break consistency, and RP binning.
Headers — Modules for reading, writing, copying, and transforming SEG-Y trace header values. Includes header manipulation, copying headers between fields, populating headers from ASCII tables, sorting by header values, computing derived header values using expressions, and exporting headers to SPS or ASCII files.
Imaging — Seismic migration and imaging algorithms. Covers Kirchhoff pre-stack time migration (PreSTM) in 2D and 3D (standard, offset, azimuthal, anisotropic); Kirchhoff pre-stack depth migration (PreSDM) including TT-table and offset modes; reverse time migration (RTM) in 2D and distributed 3D; beam-based post-SDM; and stack imaging with velocity/angle/offset selector modules. Distributed and GPU-accelerated modes are available for large 3D surveys.
Input / Output — Modules for reading and writing seismic data in various industry-standard formats. Includes SEG-Y readers and writers (single and multi-file), ZGY volume I/O, MiniSeed reader, SEG-B and SEG-D converters, raster loaders, observer log importers, and cloud storage readers/writers (S3). Also includes EBCDIC header editing and SEG-Y viewer/browser tools.
Inversion — Post-stack seismic inversion modules for extracting impedance and rock property volumes from stacked data. Includes horizon-based inversion, impedance post-PSDM processing, and well-tie driven wavelet extraction for building the inversion operator.
MultiFocusing — Proprietary Geomage Multi-Focusing (MF) processing modules based on the common-reflection-element (CRE) stacking approach. Includes 2D and 3D Zero-Offset MF (ZO-MF) and Common-Offset MF (CO-MF) engines, parameter estimation, imaging, data enhancement, distributed MF processing, MF database management, mute factor calculation, parameterization, and visualization tools. MultiFocusing produces high-resolution zero-offset and angle sections with improved signal-to-noise ratio and accurate kinematic correction.
Multiple Attenuation — Modules for suppressing surface-related and interbed multiples. Includes SRME (Surface Related Multiple Elimination) in 2D and 3D, SRMP (Surface Related Multiple Prediction), ZESMP (Zero-offset Surface Multiple Prediction), Radon-based multiple attenuation (parabolic, linear, and high-resolution Tau-P Radon), adaptive subtraction, Tau-P deghosting, and experimental multiple removal algorithms.
NMO / Mute — Normal moveout correction and mute application modules. Includes standard NMO, LMO (linear moveout), residual DVA correction, muting (top mute, offset mute, velocity mute, expression-based mute, sea-bottom mute, 4D mute), kinematic mute by velocity, and polygon-based picking for mute definition.
Regularization — Seismic data regularization and interpolation modules for filling gaps in spatial sampling. Includes 5D interpolation, 2D and 3D midpoint-consistent regularization (various binning modes: OVT, polar, spiral, random, real-to-virtual), virtual source-channel regularization, min-offset regularization, FK interpolation, and seismic gather interpolation. Regularization is commonly applied before AVO analysis, PSDM, or multiple attenuation algorithms.
Spectrum — Spectral processing modules for correcting and shaping the frequency content of seismic traces. Includes spectral balance, spectral balance Wiener, spectral equalizer, time-varying spectral gain, and spectral analysis. These tools improve bandwidth, compensate for absorption, and enhance resolution prior to imaging or inversion.
Statics — Modules for computing, applying, and quality-controlling static time-shift corrections. Covers refraction statics (GLI solver, cross-correlation, tomo-based 2D/3D, layer-based, model-free), surface-consistent statics (calculate, apply, QC, azimuthal QC), reflection-based statics, trim statics (simple, advanced, calculate, apply, edit), uphole time correction, source delay statics, and weathering/drift statics. Accurate statics are essential for reflection alignment before stacking and velocity analysis.
Tomography — Reflection and refraction tomography modules for velocity model building. Includes grid tomography in 2D and 3D (forward and update modes), stereo tomography (2D, 3D, multiline), reflection tomo 2D/3D, tomo statics 2D and 3D, tomo-based refraction statics, travel-time table calculation, and full-waveform inversion (FWI) in 2D with distributed execution support. Tomography is the primary tool for building accurate velocity models for depth imaging.
Velocity — Velocity analysis, editing, and conversion modules. Includes interactive velocity analysis (semblance picking), velocity editing, velocity smoothing (2D, 3D, azimuthal, model-based), velocity model building, RMS-to-interval conversion (Dix inversion in 2D and 3D), interval-to-RMS conversion, Vint depth-to-time and time-to-depth transforms, velocity corridor creation, velocity interpolation, horizon-based velocity, and velocity QC tools (detect VRMS mis-tie, remove inversions). Velocity is the primary deliverable of the pre-migration processing sequence.
VSP — Vertical Seismic Profile data processing modules. VSP surveys use surface seismic sources and borehole receivers to record both down-going and up-going wavefields, providing high-resolution information about the subsurface near the wellbore for velocity calibration and imaging. Includes DAS-to-VSP conversion and the standard VSP processing sequence (first-break picking, wavefield separation, deconvolution, corridor stacking, and 2D VSP modeling).
Well — Well data integration modules for tying seismic data to borehole measurements. Includes well log import and display, synthetic seismogram generation, well-to-seismic tie, depth-to-time conversion from well markers and time horizons, and import of depth velocities from well logs. These modules support quantitative seismic interpretation and calibration of the processing velocity model.
Each module topic follows a consistent structure. The Description section explains what the module does in geophysical terms and when it should be used in a processing sequence. The Input data and Output data sections list the seismic gathers, velocity models, and other datasets that must be connected to the module. Parameter sections describe each configurable value — its units, valid range, default value, and practical guidance on how to set it for typical survey conditions.
Where a module supports GPU-accelerated or distributed (remote cluster) execution, this is noted in the Settings section of its topic. Many compute-intensive modules — such as migration, tomography, and full-waveform inversion — can leverage multi-core CPU threading and GPU acceleration to reduce processing time on large 3D datasets.
To locate a specific module, use the table of contents on the left to navigate by category, or use the search function to find a module by name or keyword. Parameter names in the documentation match the labels displayed in the g-Platform user interface exactly, so you can search for a parameter name seen in the software and find its description immediately.