Modeling

The Modeling group contains modules for forward seismic modeling, tomographic inversion, and velocity model building. These tools generate synthetic seismic responses from user-supplied earth models and iteratively refine subsurface velocity fields using traveltimes derived from picked first breaks or reflected arrivals. They are used in depth imaging workflows to build, validate, and update the velocity model before and after migration.

The following modules are available in this group:

2D Tomo refraction statics — computes refraction statics corrections in 2D by inverting first-break traveltimes to estimate a near-surface velocity model.

Colop — performs model-based color correction and amplitude balancing for pre-stack seismic gathers using a synthetic reference.

Convert time horizons to depth horizons — converts interpreted time-domain horizons to the depth domain using a supplied interval velocity model.

FD 2D modelling — generates a synthetic 2D seismic dataset using a finite-difference acoustic wave equation solver applied to a 2D velocity model.

FD 3D modelling — generates a synthetic 3D seismic dataset using a finite-difference acoustic wave equation solver applied to a 3D velocity model.

FD modelling (distributed, 2D) — runs distributed finite-difference 2D acoustic modeling across multiple compute nodes for large-scale survey simulations.

FD-RTM 2D modelling — combines finite-difference forward modeling with reverse-time migration (RTM) for 2D subsurface imaging using synthetic data.

Finite difference 2D/3D modelling — performs finite-difference acoustic or elastic wave equation modeling in 2D or 3D geometry with configurable source and receiver layouts.

Full wave inversion (2D) — inverts the full waveform of seismic data to update a 2D velocity model by minimizing the misfit between observed and modeled wavefields.

Full waveform inversion (distributed, 2D) — runs full waveform inversion for 2D data across a distributed computing cluster, enabling large-scale FWI workflows.

Full waveform inversion 2D — an alternative single-node FWI implementation for 2D seismic data with extended configuration options for gradient computation and regularization.

MF Modelling — generates synthetic seismic gathers based on MultiFocusing kinematic parameters, supporting model-driven QC of MultiFocusing results.

Multisource RTM — performs reverse-time migration for simultaneous multi-source acquisition, separating and imaging blended shot records.

Multisource RTM (distributed, 2D) — distributed version of Multisource RTM for 2D blended acquisition data processed across a compute cluster.

Raytracing modeling — computes synthetic traveltime tables and ray paths through a layered or gridded velocity model using ray-tracing algorithms.

Read Wavelet from file — loads a user-supplied wavelet from a file for use as the source signature in forward modeling procedures.

Refraction 2D modelling — generates synthetic refraction traveltimes for a 2D near-surface model, supporting first-break traveltime inversion and statics QC.

Reflection Tomo 2D/3D — updates the depth velocity model using reflection traveltime tomography, iteratively adjusting velocities to minimize the misfit between modeled and picked reflection times.

Simple anizotropic modelling by Trace headers — generates synthetic anisotropic moveout for each trace based on geometry stored in trace headers, using VTI or HTI anisotropy parameters.

Tomo statics 2D — computes near-surface statics corrections in 2D using first-break traveltime tomography to build a weathering layer velocity model.

Tomo statics 2D/3D — joint 2D/3D refraction tomography module for computing near-surface statics using first-break picks from a full 3D survey.

Tomo statics 3D — dedicated 3D tomographic statics module that models the near-surface as a 3D velocity grid and solves for source and receiver statics corrections.

VSP 2D modelling — generates synthetic vertical seismic profile (VSP) data from a 2D velocity model, enabling tie of surface seismic data to borehole measurements.

Wavelet generator — creates a synthetic wavelet of a specified type, frequency, and length for use as a source signature in forward modeling or convolution modeling workflows.