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The Multiples group contains modules for attenuating surface-related and interbed multiple reflections in seismic pre-stack and post-stack data. Multiple reflections are coherent noise events that have undergone more than one reflection before reaching the receiver. They interfere with primary reflections and degrade velocity analysis, stacking, and interpretation. The modules in this group apply Radon transform demultiple, surface-related multiple elimination (SRME), and adaptive subtraction techniques to suppress multiples while preserving primaries.

The following modules are available in this group:

Experimental multiple remove — an experimental module for multiple attenuation using novel or research-stage algorithms; intended for advanced testing workflows.

HR Radon multiple attenuation — applies a high-resolution Radon transform (parabolic or hyperbolic) to separate multiples from primaries based on moveout differences, then subtracts the multiple model from the input gather.

Multiples Suppression — attenuates multiples using an integrated suppression workflow that combines moveout discrimination and adaptive subtraction for robust demultiple in a single step.

Radon-TauP — transforms seismic gathers to the tau-p (intercept time vs. ray parameter) domain using a linear Radon transform for multiple separation and velocity filtering.

Radon-TauP-High resolution — applies a high-resolution linear tau-p Radon transform with improved separation between closely spaced primaries and multiples compared to the standard Radon-TauP module.

Radon-TauP backward transform — applies the inverse (backward) linear Radon transform to reconstruct seismic gathers from the tau-p domain after multiple suppression or filtering.

Radon-TauP forward transform — applies the forward linear Radon transform to convert seismic gathers from the offset-time domain to the tau-p domain for velocity filtering or multiple analysis.

Radon-by picking — performs Radon-based multiple attenuation guided by user-supplied or automatically generated velocity picks, allowing targeted suppression of specific multiple families.

Radon multiple attenuation — standard parabolic or hyperbolic Radon transform demultiple using a semblance-based NMO velocity discriminator to separate primaries from multiples before subtraction.

Radon multiple attenuation by velocity — uses an explicit velocity function to define the expected primary moveout, improving the moveout discrimination between primaries and multiples in the Radon domain.

Recon — reconstructs seismic gathers from the Radon domain after selective muting or filtering, producing de-multipled output in the original offset domain.

SRME 2D/3D — applies Surface-Related Multiple Elimination using a data-driven prediction-and-subtraction approach for 2D or 3D marine data, predicting multiples directly from the seismic data without a subsurface model.

SRME 2D/3D (obsolete) — older implementation of SRME retained for backward compatibility; use the current SRME 2D/3D module for new projects.